Effects of Vitamin D, Calcium, and Phosphorus on Sleep Quality, Quality of Life and Psychological Symptoms in Behçet's Disease: A Hierarchical Regression Analysis

Vitamin D has been stated to be related to a variety of chronic, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases, one of which is BD. The aim was to investigate the effects of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus on sleep, quality of life, anxiety, and depression in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). The study analyzed 61 patients with BD. Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus levels were measured. Sleep quality ( Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ), quality of life ( Behçet's Disease Quality of Life Scale (BDQLS) ), anxiety, and depression ( Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ) were evaluated in the study. Patients with vitamin D levels below 20 ng/ml exhibited poor sleep quality in comparison to those who were above 20 ng/ml. The correlation chart generated using R Studio indicated a weak correlation between vitamin D levels and PSQI, while a weak correlation was observed between calcium and HADS. There was no significant relationship between phosphorus level, PSQI, BDQLS, and HADS. The hierarchical regression analysis backward approach indicated that the PSQI (β=-.295, t=-2.375, p = .021) was a significant and dependent predictor of the vitamin D level in patients with BD. The HADS (β=-.316, t=-2.562, p = .013) were significant and dependent predictors of the calcium level in these patients. In patients with BD, vitamin D levels affect sleep quality, whereas calcium affects anxiety and depression.