Genome-wide identification of the potato GGPS gene family and analysis of its response to abiotic stress

Background: Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPS) plays a crucial role in terpene biosynthesis, contributing to the synthesis of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and various phytohormones. This study aims to identify and characterize the GGPS gene family in potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) to understand its role in carotenoid synthesis and response to abiotic stress. Results: Eleven GGPS genes ( StGGPSs ) were identified across the potato genome, distributed unevenly on seven chromosomes. These genes were categorized into three subfamilies based on protein structure and phylogenetic analysis. Covariance analyses revealed one pair of replicated genes within the potato genome and several homologous pairs between potato and other species such as Arabidopsis and tomato. RNA-seq data and qPCR data indicated differential expression of StGGPS genes in potato patches of different colors, highlighting their role in response to abiotic stresses. Conclusion: The study provides new insights into the evolution of the StGGPS gene family in potato, emphasizing its significance in regulating carotenoid synthesis and abiotic stress response. These findings lay the groundwork for future research on the genetic manipulation of GGPS genes to enhance stress tolerance in potatoes.