Preparation of ZnAl layered double hydroxides supported by silica for the treatment of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) in aqueous solution

A novel adsorbent (ZA/SiO ₂ ) was prepared by blending urea mixture of ZnSO ₄ and Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ while using SiO ₂ as a support form. The adsorption properties of ZA/SiO ₂ for the removal of toxic metal ions (Cu(II) and Cr(VI))from water were evaluated. By batch experiment method to investigate the ZA/SiO ₂ adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) solution treatment effect. The sorption kinetics curves of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on ZA/SiO ₂ were L-shaped. What's more, the solid concentration effect was found in the process of sorption kinetics. Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherm models were used to analyze the adsorption data. The results showed that the adsorption conforms to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. However, the adsorption capacity of ZA/SiO ₂ compounds for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) is greatly improved. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) is 158 mg·g ^− 1 and of Cr(VI) is 176 mg·g ^− 1 , which were 3.6 and 1.8 times of ZA, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) was utilized for the analysis of intrinsic mechanism and specific pathways. It primarily involved isomorphic substitution of Cr(VI) and Zn(II) and the intercalation of Cr ₂ O ₇ ²⁻ , with the exception of Cr(OH) ₃ precipitation. Conversely, Cu(II) removal's primary mechanism in water was isomorphic substitution, except for Cu(OH) ₂ precipitation.