Phylogeny and molecular approach of Lysurus (Phallaceae, Basidiomycota): proposal of Lysurus brachistriatus sp. nov. for the Brazilian Cerrado Biome, and an update of the geographic distribution for the genus

In the present study, a new species of Lysurus with distinctive characteristics is reported in areas of the Brazilian Cerrado biome: Lysurus brachistriatus sp. nov. A detailed morphological analysis revealed, for the first time, the presence of four distinct layers in the volva of a species within this genus. Phylogenetic data obtained from the RPB2 genetic region using the primers bRPB2-6F/bRPB2-7.1R revealed a distinct and unexpected grouping, with the new Lysurus species positioned separately from L. cruciatus and L. cruciatus var. nanus , within a clade that also includes L. borealis. All detailed descriptions of the new taxon are accompanied by a map of the collection site, photographs of macroscopic structures taken in the field, and images of microscopic structures observed under optical microscope.