Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B Among Health Facility Staff in Salima District – a Cross-sectional Study

Background and Aims Hepatitis B (HBV) poses a significant public health challenge in Malawi, particularly among healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV infection among healthcare workers in Salima District, Malawi, and assess the severity of positive cases. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2020 across all public health facilities in Salima District. HBV screening using antigen point-of-care tests was performed on 854 healthcare workers, with data on demographics and risk history collected. Positive cases were linked to care, with subsequent assessments conducted by medical officers. Family members of positive cases were also screened or linked to care. Results The prevalence of HBV infection among healthcare workers was 2.93% (25 infections, 95% CI: 0.019–0.0429). Infections were more common among males, married individuals, and those unvaccinated against HBV. Environmental health personnel exhibited the highest chronic HBV prevalence. All positive cases were enrolled in the HBV clinic within two weeks of diagnosis, with no signs of severe liver disease. Discussion Despite lower prevalence than the general population, HBV infection rates remain concerning among healthcare workers, particularly those in non-clinical roles. The lack of vaccination history is a notable risk factor for infection. Conclusion The study underscores the elevated prevalence of HBV infection among healthcare workers in the Salima District, emphasizing the importance of vaccination and prompt linkage to care.