Maternal and Fetal Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Vaginal Dinoprostone in Labor Induction

Objective Induction of labor (IOL) is a common obstetric intervention used to encourage the onset of labor. The aim of study was to evaluate the maternal and fetal factors that play a role in the efficacy of vaginal dinoprostone in labor induction. Materials and Methods Our study included 780 patients who underwent pregnancy follow-up and delivery in our hospital between March 2018 and 2024. All data including body mass index (BMI), age, parity, induction criteria, obstetric history, bishop score, time of delivery, newborn weight and Apgar score were entered by the delivery room physician. Data from 620 patients who had a successful delivery with vaginal dinoprostone application and 120 patients who could not have a vaginal delivery were evaluated retrospectively. Results The BMI value of women in Group 2 at admission to the hospital was found to be significantly higher than that of women in Group 1 (p < 0.001). The Bishop score of women in Group 1 at admission to the hospital was found to be significantly higher than that of women in Group 2 (p < 0.001). The nulliparity rate of women in Group 2 was found to be significantly higher than those in Group 1 (p < 0.001). The uterocervical angle measurement of women in Group 2 was found to be significantly lower than those in Group 1 (p < 0.001). The rate of newborns with 1st and 5th minute Apgar scores ≥ 8 in Group 1 was found to be significantly higher than those in Group 2 (p = 0.006, p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion It was determined that parity was one of the important determinants in achieving vaginal delivery in pregnancies where dinoprostone vaginal insert was applied. It was determined that multiparous women benefited more from induction with dinoprostone. However, according to the results of our study, more research is needed to evaluate nulliparous pregnancies requiring induction.