Impact of appetite stimulants on growth parameters in children with cystic fibrosis

Objectives Malnutrition is prevalent among children with cystic fibrosis (CF),often resulting from frequent pulmonary exacerbations and intestinal malabsorption.In addition to providing sufficient calorie intake through enteral formulas, appetite stimulants may help address nutritional deficiencies and improve overall prognosis. Methods This retrospective study included children who received CH as an appetite stimulant for at least three consecutive months.Data on CH-related adverse effects, z-scores for weight,height,body mass index(BMI), and percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1%)were collected from medical records.Z-scores of growth parameters were calculated at baseline(CH initiation),three months before baseline,and three and six months after treatment. Results The study included 45 children with a mean age of 11 years.Only one patient was on modulator therapy and another was being monitored for pancreatic insufficiency,while one had diabetes.All but one were using formula diet simultaneously.Significant improvements in weight and BMI z-scores were observed from baseline to three months of CH therapy(p = 0.004 and p = 0.006,respectively),with no significant changes noted in the three months before treatment.A modest increase in weight and BMI z-scores was seen from three to six months of therapy.Additionally,FEV ₁ z-scores significantly increased from baseline to three months of therapy, with no further improvement observed in the subsequent three months. Conclusion Six months of CH therapy was associated with significant improvements in weight and BMI z-scores,particularly within the first three months.No adverse effects were reported.Given the deceleration in the rate of increase in anthropometric z-scores from the third to sixth month, a three-month duration of CH therapy appears to be optimal and sufficient for children with CF.