Ribosomal biogenesis factor, a novel biomarker for predicting progression-free survival in prostate cancer

Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy among men worldwide, with significant variability in incidence rates across different regions. Effective management of PCa is crucial, especially for advanced stages where the survival rates are notably low. Ribosome biogenesis (RB) plays a critical role in cancer cell proliferation, yet the specific function of the ribosomal biogenesis factor (RBIS) gene in PCa remains unexplored.. Methods RNA sequencing data from the TCGA database and three GEO datasets were analyzed to assess RBIS expression in PCa. Clinicopathological features, survival rates, and drug sensitivity were evaluated in relation to RBIS expression. Gene co-expression and functional enrichment analyses were performed to investigate potential biological mechanisms. Additionally, immune cell infiltration and genetic alterations of RBIS were analyzed. Results RBIS expression was significantly elevated in PCa tissues compared to normal tissues. High RBIS expression correlated with adverse clinical outcomes, including advanced tumor stages and higher Gleason scores. Elevated RBIS levels were associated with poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and served as an independent prognostic marker. Co-expression analysis revealed that RBIS and its associated genes were involved in key cellular processes such as energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Furthermore, RBIS expression was linked to immune cell infiltration and drug sensitivity, indicating potential therapeutic implications. Conclusion RBIS emerges as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa, with significant potential as a therapeutic target. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore RBIS's role in clinical applications, aiming to improve PCa management and patient outcomes.