Proteomic responses of host pigeonpea during interaction with Fusarium udum pathogen

In India, pigeonpea is a drought-tolerant crop that is susceptible to more than 100 diseases, including viruses, bacteria, nematodes, fungus, and phytoplasma. The restrictions of utilising chemical fungicides make managing soil-born diseases, like Fusarial wilts, difficult. While using resistant cultivars is preferable, the emergence of novel disease variations frequently poses a challenge. The objectives of this study are to investigate root proteome responses, discover host plant proteins for cultivars that are resistant, and comprehend the molecular mechanisms behind the interactions between F. udum and pigeonpea. Proteomics was used to examine genotypes of pigeonpea fusarium wilt-susceptible (ICP 2376) and resistant (ICP 9174). To make ingress easier, seedlings were removed, cleaned, and chopped off. Both genotypes underwent total protein extraction, and the pigeonpea root protein underwent two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A combination search of PMF and MS/MS data against the taxonomy of Viridiplantae was used to identify proteins. The goal is to comprehend the molecular processes that control plant resistance and susceptibility. Twelve of the 141 differentially expressed protein locations in the interaction between F. udum and pigeonpea were satisfactorily characterised. Based on their biological roles, seven differentially expressed proteins were found in the resistant cultivar and categorised into seven functional groups. Proteome profiles provided insight into the defense mechanism of pigeonpea against Fusarium udum infection by identifying two proteins, R56 and S41, as components of the defense mechanism. Greater accumulation of R56 in resistant cultivars suggests F. udum- induced defense, whereas down-regulation of S41 in susceptible cultivars supports direct defense.