Analysis of Factors Influencing Auditory Temporal Resolution Based on Mandarin

Objective: This study examines the correlation between the temporal resolution of the auditory system and speech recognition in noise based on Mandarin. It also explores the impact of various factors on the temporal resolution abilities in the elderly. Methods: A total of 170 participants were included in this research. The control group consisted of 30 young individuals with normal hearing thresholds, while the experimental group comprised 30 elderly individuals aged 60 and above with mild to moderately severe hearing loss and 20 elderly individuals who wore hearing aids. Tests conducted included the Gaps in Noise (GIN) test for auditory temporal resolution and the Mandarin Quick Speech-in-Noise test (M-QuickSIN), from which Gap Detection Threshold (GDT) scores and SNR loss scores were derived. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Results: The differences between GDT and M-QuickSIN scores were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in the moderate and moderately severe hearing loss and hearing aid wearing elderly groups. Significant statistical differences in GDT were also observed between the normal hearing young group and the normal hearing elderly group, as well as between the normal hearing elderly group and the elderly with moderate to moderately severe hearing loss (P < 0.05). Notably, significant differences in GDT before and after the use of hearing aids were observed in the same elderly individuals (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Increasing age, degree of hearing loss, and M-QuickSIN scores significantly influence GDT outcomes. Long-term use of hearing aids decreases GDT and enhances speech recognition capabilities in noise. When subjects are unable to perform speech audiometry clinically, the GIN test should be considered for diagnostic reference.