Comprehensive analysis of the cardiac whole-transcriptome expression profiling involved in rehabilitation exercise improving myocardial remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

Rehabilitation exercise (RE) has been shown to mitigate cardiac remodeling and enhance cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, we established a mice model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and implemented an 8-week rehabilitation exercise intervention. Whole-transcription sequencing was conducted to examine the expression patterns of mRNA and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the myocardium of mice with AMI, with and without rehabilitation exercise (RE). GO, KEGG pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed. And the mRANs within the ceRNA network were validated by RT-PCR. Our findings demonstrate that RE effectively enhances cardiac function, attenuates fibrosis and promotes angiogenesis in the myocardial tissue following MI. Furthermore, bio informatics tools and databases were utilized to investigate potential functions and associations of non-coding RNAs. Our data revealed that: a total of 100 long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), 14 microRNAs (miRNAs), 131 circular RNAs (circRNAs), and 1028 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were significant. The most prominent pathways involved in RE-mediated improvement of cardiac remodeling after AMI are the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cytokine − cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, lncRNA‒miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA networks of RE-mediated improvement of cardiac remodeling after AMI were constructed. The present study elucidates the physiological roles of mRNA and ncRNAs in facilitating cardiac remodeling post-AMI. Our findings establish a theoretical framework for investigating the mechanisms underlying cardiac remodeling after AMI, while also providing valuable insights for exploring potential therapeutic interventions for AMI.