Clinical prognosis analysis of 54 pediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a rare and highly malignant neoplastic disease in children. Studying of its prognostic factors and clinical characteristics will bring certain reference value to clinical practice. Procedure: The clinical data of 54 children with T-ALL admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis. Results: The median survival time of the 54 children was 43.5 months. The complete remission rate after two courses was 90.74%, and the 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 81.48% and 77.78%, respectively. Ten(18.51%) of the 54 cases died, with six (11.11%) of them succumbing to recurrence. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, the initial count of white blood cells, remission status of day 19(D19) and day 35(D35), newly diagnosed lactate dehydrogenase levels, presence of a mediastinal mass, spleen infiltration, and adequacy of asparaginase treatment were statistically significant factors affecting the 3-year overall survival(OS) rate ( P <0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ( P =0.004), D35 bone marrow remission ( P <0.001), D35 MRD ( P <0.001), and LDH ( P =0.019) were independent risk factors influencing the 3-year os. Conclusion: The overall efficacy of SCMC-ALL-2015(Shanghai Children's Medical Center-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-2015) on pediatric T-ALL is good, and the death of a small number of children is mainly due to disease recurrence. Lactate dehydrogenase levels at the initial diagnosis, age, and remission status of D35 are independent risk factors.