Advancing Resource Efficiency: Evaluation of Plastic Upcycling Methodologies and Their Applications in Sustainable Flooring Solutions

This study explores the development of eco-friendly bricks using recycled plastic waste, specifically high-density polyethylene (HDPE), quartz sand, and bitumen. The research demonstrates the potential for addressing plastic pollution while reducing construction costs. Key findings include: 1) a production cost of 0.092 euros per brick, approximately half that of traditional bricks; 2) enhanced structural integrity with a peak compression strength of 37.5 MPa at 2% bitumen content and a 3:2 plastic-to-sand ratio; 3) improved water resistance and reduced permeability; 4) minimal water absorption (less than 1% after 24 hours); 5) negligible efflorescence, particularly in bricks with higher plastic content; and 6) enhanced heat conduction resistance in plastic-rich bricks. The study highlights the viability of these innovative bricks in various construction applications, including structural frameworks, parking installations, and pathways. This research contributes to sustainable construction practices by offering an economically viable and environmentally responsible alternative to traditional bricks, while simultaneously addressing the global challenge of plastic waste management.