Characterization of Betalains-Enriched Nutraceutical Tablets from Beta vulgaris L. Pomace Powder

The objective of this research was to develop nutraceutical tablets enriched with phytonutrients and antioxidants by dehydrating beetroot pomace, which is abundant in bioactive compounds, and integrating it with pomace extract obtained using ultrasonication. The research involved evaluating the packaging, microstructure, and physical and chemical properties of freeze-dried powder. The freeze-dried powder exhibited favorable flow properties, reduced Hausner ratio, and low hygroscopicity. Analysis confirmed higher phytochemical content, supported by FTIR. SEM and particle size distribution analysis indicated consistent particle generation. The freeze-dried powder was mixed with pomace extract in a 1:1 weight-to-volume ratio to augment phytonutrient levels before compression into tablets. The tablets exhibited rapid disintegration and in vitro release profiles of betalains. Storage at 25 ± 2°C over five months revealed significant humidity and water movement, retaining approximately 81% of phytochemicals and 78% antioxidant activity. This approach not only effectively utilizes beetroot waste but also produces bioavailable nutraceutical tablets, offering significant health benefits.