Psychological Needs and Social Comparison: A Dual Analysis of the Life Satisfaction of Local Workers with Agricultural Hukou

Backgrounds: Research shows that although local workers with agricultural hukou(LWAH) often find themselves at a disadvantage in terms of labor income and access to public services, the significant growth of this group in recent years has drawn attention to their choice of workplace and the factors influencing it. Guided by the theories of self-determination and social comparison, this study aims to explore the impact of the differences betweenocal workers with agricultural hukou and migrant workers with agricultural hukou (MWAH) in psychological needs and social comparisons on life satisfaction, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods Utilizing data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2020 and employing a fixed effects model for analysis, the results indicate that local workers with agricultural hukouhave significantly higher life satisfaction than migrant workers with agricultural hukou. Results Perceived social status plays a mediating role in this difference, whereas job satisfaction does not. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that differences in generation, region, and work conditions have varying impacts on the life satisfaction of ocal workers with agricultural hukou. Conclusions This study provides important insights into understanding the workplace choices and quality of life of Chinese workers with agricultural hukou. Finally, to effectively promote rural revitalization and new urbanization processes, local governments must strive not only to improve residents' income and public service levels but also to enhance the autonomy, competency, and social status of WAH. This would improve their perceived social status, attracting more laborers to return to their hometowns for work and entrepreneurship.