Investigating Coaggregation Between Human Intestinal and Oral Bacteria: Effects on the Structure and Stability of the Microbiota

Coaggregation is a process that occurs when different types of bacteria bind to each other, an important step in biofilm formation, especially in dental bacteria. It is important to note that there is a shortage of equipment available for accurately measuring and quantifying the distribution of various cell types in either coaggregates or biofilm. Therefore, this project aims to look at the interactions between different types of oral and intestinal bacteria during assembly. The coaggregation of oral bacteria was investigated by standardized methods, indicating a high synergistic effect in species such as Actinomyces oris , Fusobacterium nucleatum , and Streptococcus gordonii . The results indicated adsorption about themselves more and like to form groups when interact to each other. Overall and according to the findings, the coaggregation between oral strains was more significant than coaggregation between oral and intestinal strains. to investigate coaggregation between oral and intestinal bacteria a variety of imaging techniques have been used to enable visualisation of the detailed structure of co-aggregates among bacteria that are include, fluorescence labelling and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM) techniques. New insights of the three-dimensional structure of the coaggregate was established, allowing researchers insight into the bacteria within the coaggregate of spatial planning. Notably, this study contributes to the understanding of bacterial interactions in the oral and gut environments, with consequences for dental plaque and disease further in-depth studies will need to be explored.