Exploring Sources of Social Support During Pregnancy- a Qualitative Study in Rural Southern India

Background : Social support is known to influence pregnancy outcomes. We explored the sources of social support available to pregnant women in a rural setting in south India. Methods : We conducted 13 focus group discussions (FGDs) among women of child-bearing age, husbands, mothers/ mothers-in-law, community health workers, and community leaders. FGDs were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results : Themes of support offered during pregnancy that emerged from the FGDs are Nutrition, Chores, Medical needs, Government Services, Customs, Postpartum support, General health, Desires and Bonding. These have been categorized into three major themes of support as: 1) Tangible support, 2) Informational support and 3) Emotional support. Women’s husbands, mothers/ mothers-in-law, health care providers and neighbours collectively formed the support network during pregnancy. In general, women felt that they received valuable support from family and community. Participants felt that support from husbands, families and neighbours had an influence on women’s health and behavior during pregnancy. Conclusions : These findings were used to develop intervention modules to promote maternal health and the health of their offspring.