Genome-wide association studies revealed genetic loci and candidate genes for pod-related traits in peanut

Peanut pod maturity and splitting are two important traits that can significantly affect yields and quality. However, the investigation of the natural variability and genetic underpinnings of these two characteristics in peanuts remains limited. In this research, a comprehensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) was carried out to analyze peanut pod maturity and splitting percentage utilizing U.S. peanut mini core collection. A total of 19 distinct single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected from this study, with 6 and 13 SNPs being specifically linked to pod maturity and splitting traits, respectively. Based on these loci, a total of 95 genes were identified. Our study has important practical and theoretical significance for the molecular breeding of high-yielding peanuts and the development of superior high-yield peanut varieties.