Design of waveguide with double-layer diffractive optical elements for augmented reality displays

We investigated a diffraction optical waveguide structure with a double-layer coupling configuration. This double-layer-coupled diffraction optical waveguide structure modulates light information through wavefront modulation for propagation within the optical waveguide and then reproduces the light information through further wavefront modulation, thus achieving optical information transmission. Analysis and simulation results indicate that the theoretical maximum field of view can reach 90° × 90°. With an actual field of view set to 53° × 53°, an entrance pupil size of 3.2 × 3.2 mm², an eye relief of 10 mm, and 50 pupil expansions, the system’s total energy transmission efficiency is 37%, with field of view uniformity at 91% and uniformity within the eye movement range reaching 97%.