Impact of Intraoperative Spinal Induced Hypotension on Neonatal Adverse Outcome During Caesarian Section at Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: 2023, a Prospective Observational Study

Background : Incidence of maternal hypotension often reported and occurs after caesarian section due to multiple reasons. However, the effect of intraoperative spinal induced hypotension on neonatal adverse outcome during caesarian section hasn't been investigated adequately in Sub-Saharan Countries, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intraoperative spinal induced hypotension on neonatal adverse outcome during caesarian section. The researchers carried out a prospective cohort study from May 15-August 15, 2023. We selected 202 mothers using a convenience sampling method. We collected data by using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Once we ensured the collected data's completeness and consistency, we proceeded to enter it into Epidata 4.6. Then, we exported it to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relative risk between neonatal outcome and maternal hypotension and other related features. By using confidence interval and p-value<0.05, the researchers determined the level of significance. Result: In this study, a total of 202 participants were given a response rate of 100%. The incidence proportion of adverse early neonatal outcome was 13.4%. Maternal hypotension at 5 minutes ARR maternal health condition (ARR: 3.9, (95%CI: 1.26, 12.2), APGAR score at one minute (ARR: 4.9, (95% CI: 1.7, 14.1)), parity (AOR: 4.2, (95% CI: 1.3, 13.5)), age of the mothers AOR: 5.1, (95% CI: 1.3, 19.5))., and birth weight (AOR: 3.6, (95% CI: 1.18, 10.9)) were identified as predictors of adverse early neonatal outcome. Conclusion: In this study, the incidence of adverse neonatal outcome was high. To reduce maternal hypotension after anesthesia, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of vital signs. To increase birth interval, it is necessary to expand family planning. Screening during antenatal and Intrapartum period should be promoted to reduce poor maternal health condition, and proper nutrition to reduce birth weight.