Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn course, management and outcomes - an analysis based on the Israeli Maccabi database

Objective : Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) can cause severe prenatal and postnatal outcomes. The main objective of this study is to understand the clinical impact of HDFN on pregnant women and newborns. Study Design : A retrospective cohort study was performed on de-identified data extracted from a large nationwide health organization. The cohort included women and newborns diagnosed with HDFN between 1998-2021. Cohort characteristics and outcomes are described. Result : Over the 24-year study period, incidence rate of HDFN among pregnant women was stable while incidence rate among newborns declined. Severe HDFN was diagnosed in 28.8% of 73 HDFN affected pregnancies. One third of 450 HDFN newborns were diagnosed with anemia or jaundice; 5 cases of kernicterus were observed. Conclusion : Severe prenatal and postnatal outcomes following HDFN were observed. Further studies are needed to evaluate treatment regimens and assess the association between treatment management and short- and long-term outcomes.