Comparative Analysis of Sexual Function and Psychological Health in Infertile Patients with Different Ovarian Dysfunctions

Objective This study aims to evaluate and compare sexual function and psychological health among infertile patients with different ovarian dysfunctions, specifically polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and women with normal ovarian function, to understand the extent of sexual dysfunction associated with these conditions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving 340 women, categorized into three groups: PCOS, POI, and normal ovarian function (Control). Sexual function was quantitatively assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), which measures six dimensions of sexual function: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare FSFI scores across the groups, followed by post-hoc tests to identify significant differences between each pair of groups. Results The mean FSFI scores were significantly lower in the POI and PCOS groups compared to the Control group ( p  < 0.05). Women with POI and PCOS exhibited higher incidences of anxiety and depression. Significant differences were observed in arousal ability, vaginal lubricity, and satisfaction scores among the groups, with the Control group generally scoring higher. The incidence of lubrication disorder was highest in the PCOS group ( p  < 0.05). Multivariable-adjusted analyses identified longer infertility duration and higher Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores as significant predictors of sexual dysfunction. Conclusion This study highlights the significant impact of reproductive health conditions such as POI and PCOS on sexual and psychological health. The findings underscore the need for integrated care approaches that address both physical and mental health aspects in women with these conditions. By enhancing our understanding of these relationships, we can improve the quality of life for women affected by POI and PCOS. Clinicians should consider both the physiological and psychological dimensions in their treatment plans to ensure comprehensive care that addresses the full spectrum of patient needs.