Population Attributable Fraction of abnormal body mass index for diabetes mellitus in Yazd during a 10-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study: Yazd Healthy Heart cohort (YHHC) in Yazd, Iran

Type 2 diabetes is one of the public health problems. And its prevalence is growing. Obesity and overweight are preventable risk factors for diabetes. The objective of this study was to calculate the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of abnormal body mass index (BMI) for diabetes mellitus (DM). In the present study, 1641 non-diabetic Participants were followed up for ten years (2006 - 2016). The prevalence of the outcome in the reference group and the relative risk of abnormal BMI were calculated, and then the PAF formula was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software (Chicago, SPSS Inc.). The prevalence of DM in people with normal BMI was 18.7%. The crud RR, adjusted RR by age, and adjusted RR by age and sex were calculated as 1.66 (1.25-2.14), 1.74 (1.29-2.26), and 1.84 (1.36-2.37), respectively. Suppose we can reduce the prevalence of obesity to the ideal value (zero) without adjustment, age adjustment, or sex adjustment. In that case, the incidence of diabetes will be reduced by 27%, 29%, and 32%, respectively. Diabetes attributed to obesity, about 30% decreases; If we can reduce the prevalence of obesity to the ideal value (zero).