Association of cognitive impairment with postoperative mortality risk in patients with geriatric hip fractures.

Objective To evaluate the association between cognitive impairment and postoperative mortality risk in patients with geriatric hip fractures. Methods From Jan 2018 to Dec 2019, 109 older patients with hip fractures were retrospectively enrolled from the Department of Orthopedics of Beijing Fengtai Hospital. Based on their cognitive function, all patients were categorized into cognitive impairment and normal groups. Postoperative mortality risk was regarded as the primary outcome. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and survival curves were generated to explore the effect of cognitive impairment. The results A total of 103 patients were followed up with a mean follow-up time of 33 months. Twenty-seven patients (22 females, mean age 84.59 ± 6.68 years) were in the cognitive impairment group, while 76 patients (51 females, mean age 79.89 ± 7.83 years) were in the normal group. The cognitive impairment group had a significantly greater mortality rate than the normal group did (21 (77.8%) vs. 24 (31.6%), P<0.001). A significant association between cognitive impairment and mortality risk still remained even after adjustments for potential covariates (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.28~4.88, P=0.007). Conclusion Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with postoperative mortality risk in patients with geriatric hip fractures. Cognitive impairment may be an independent risk factor for death after hip fracture.