Innovative Approaches to Enhancing Oocyte Competence in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A Microfluidic Study with the Impact of FF-MAS on Rescued In Vitro Oocyte Maturation

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women, often results in infertility due to anovulation, increased immature oocytes, and reduced oocyte quality. Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), specifically in vitro maturation (IVM), offers potential solutions. This study explores in vitro oocyte maturation using a novel microfluidic device. We investigate the impact of Follicular fluid meiosis-activating sterol (FF-MAS) under dynamic and static conditions to enhance oocyte competence. 406 immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes from PCOS patients were divided into five groups. Group 1: GV oocytes cultured in standard medium. Group 2: same as Group 1 In addition 10 µM FF-MAS supplement. Group 3 experienced dynamic microfluidic culture for 24 hours. Groups 4 and 5 also utilized dynamic microfluidic culture, but in Group 4, FF-MAS was provided to the oocytes for the first 2 hours, and in Group 5, it was provided for the entire 24 h. Groups 4 and 5 showed significantly improved maturation, fertilization, and high-quality embryo development. Gene expression analysis revealed differences in BRCA1, TP53, PADI6, and TLE6 genes. Ultrastructural features indicated cortical granule distribution and cytoplasmic observations in mature oocytes. Dynamic microfluidic culture and FF-MAS supplementation enhance developmental competency compared to static conditions.