Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in PSCA Associated with Bladder Cancer Susceptibility in an Indian Subpopulation

Background Urothelial bladder cancer(UBC) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary system. Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PSCA gene are associated with BC risk. Prostate stem cell antigen genes play a role in cell proliferation inhibition and cell death induction. The expression of PSCA is altered in BC. It may be a useful marker for diagnosis and disease progression of UBC. Materials and methods In this hospital-based study, we evaluated the risk factors for bladder cancer and their associations with single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PSCA gene. rs2294008C/T genotyping was performed by real-time Taqman® probes in histologically confirmed BC patients (107) and healthy controls (105) from a tertiary care hospital. Statistical analysis of association studies was performed with SPSS ver 22.0. Results The odds ratio for heterozygosity for CT and variant allele T of rs2294008 were 1.71 and 1.82 respectively. Thus there is an increased risk of BC due to polymorphisms. When the PSCA rs2294008C/T heterozygous CT genotype for high-grade tumors was combined with the tumor-grade, a substantial BC risk was found (p = 0.001;OR = 1.984). For individuals with the PSCA rs2294008C/T gene polymorphism heterozygous for the CT genotype (p = 0.0001), smoking significantly reduced the incidence of BC. Conclusions Our research revealed that a complicated intervention involving PSCA rs2294008C/T confers a greater risk of BC risk in the North Karnataka population