Artificial nano platform for controlling bone microenvironment to reduce bone loss

Treatment on the regeneration of osteoporosis (OP) remains a challenge due to the severe dysregulation of the bone microenvironment. With the continuous development of nano-platform technology, new nanomaterials have become a hot topic in recent years. In recent research reports, Prussian blue, characterized by its diversity and high-cost performance, has gained attention. Therefore, we synthesized and developed a new Prussian blue particle, Pb-Fe-Cs, which has ability to clear reactive oxygen species (ROS) and specific regulatory effect on the inflammatory micro-environment. As a class of active metal ions, both Fe and Cs have specific antioxidant capacities. In summary, the combination of these two elements can significantly reduce the occurrence of bone loss. The constructed Pb-Fe-Cs nanase has the ability to induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to differentiate into osteoblasts, minimizing damage, osteoclast formation, and bone loss when oxidative stress occurs in the bone microenvironment. In vivo experiments confirmed that Pb-Fe-Cs promotes the formation of osteoblasts, reduces osteoclasts. These results suggest that the microenvironmental regulatory effect of these artificial biodegradable nanoplatforms is beneficial for treating OP. This study opens up an exciting prospect for applying OP therapy and supports the clinical significance of Pb-Fe-Cs.