Eco-friendly control of disease-transmit mosquito vectors using the mosquito fish Gambusia affinis and low dosages of Mukia maderaspatana extracts

In many countries, mosquitoes pose a serious threat to public health, and managing mosquito populations is one of the most difficult aspects of mosquito control programmes. There is a need for decision biological active molecules to control mosquito in order to prevent dengue virus transmission. In the present investigation, ethanol and methanol using mosquitocidal compounds isolated against disease-transmitting mosquitoes. The highest preliminary larvicidal effective was found in the methanol leaf extract of Mukia maderaspatana (MLE- M. maderaspatana ), followed by Trigonella foenum, Phyllanthus niruri , Senna auriculata , Justicia adhatoda , Andrographis paniculata , Hybanthus enneaspermus , Cardiospermum corundum and Azadirachta indica . The MLE and ELE- M. maderaspatana had the highest mortality rates at 48 hours, with LC ₅₀ values of 4.46 ppm and 60.55 ppm against An. stephensi , respectively. The phytochemical studies by quantitative and qualitative methods were MLE and ELE- M. maderaspatana, showed presence of saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, flavaonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, cardiac glycosides, coumorins, and steroid. The functional groups where FT-IR analysis was found included secondary profiling, which is obviously a phytochemical and may function as a geranylgeraniol molecule. It is evident from the Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum that MLE-M. maderaspatana was the source of the geranylgeraniol compound. MLE- M. maderaspatana exhibited a more potent antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS ⁺ , H ₂ O ₂ tests than ascorbic acid. The primary component of the 26 MCCs found in the MLE- M. maderaspatana was geranylgeraniol. The results so show that MLE- M. maderaspatana , a component from a medicinal plant, may be a more effective mosquito control agent than readily available insecticides.