Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Abdominal Aortic Calcification: NHANES 2013-2014 Study

Background and aims: The interplay between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and vascular health, notably Abdominal Aortic Calcification (AAC), is pivotal in cardiovascular risk management. This study aimed to elucidate the association between MetS and both the prevalence and severity of AAC within the NHANES 2013–2014 dataset. Methods Analysis encompassed 1841 participants, identifying MetS through established criteria and quantifying AAC via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Logistic regression, adjusting for demographic and health-related variables, was utilized to explore the MetS-AAC connection. Results The findings indicated that individuals with MetS were significantly more likely to exhibit AAC, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) demonstrating an enhanced risk for AAC presence and severity in the MetS cohort. Specifically, the likelihood of AAC increased by 1.3 times (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.5, P = 0.002) in individuals with MetS, and the risk of severe AAC escalated even further (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2–1.9, P < 0.001), with MetS patients exhibiting higher AAC scores. Conclusion The study underscores a significant association between Metabolic Syndrome and increased prevalence and severity of Abdominal Aortic Calcification. The results advocate for rigorous monitoring and management of MetS to potentially alleviate AAC risks. Further investigations are warranted to dissect the underlying mechanisms and tailor interventions effectively.