Exploring the Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential of Pyocyanin Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain ONO14782

Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a clinically and epidemiologically important bacterium that causes both acute and chronic infections. The pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa depends on the virulence factors, The important virulence factors of P. aeruginosa included biofilm formation, pigment (pyocyanin), cytotoxins, phospholipases, elastases, and proteases. Pyocyanin is a chloroform soluble blue-green pigment produced by P. aeruginosa , has an antibacterial activity against a wide range of drug-resistant bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, also it was exhibited antifungal activity against different species of mycotoxigenic fungi. and we can use it as an anticancer agent is advised . Methods In this study, 46 out of 66 P. aeruginosa isolates were selected based on their pigmentation on cetrimide agar. Pseudomonas isolates were collected from urinary tract infection (urine), burned skin infection and diabetic foot wound (pus) and respiratory infections (sputum). Pseudomonas Cetrimide Agar was used as selective media. TLC technique was used for purification, while UV-Vis, FTIR and GC-MS techniques analysis were used for characterization properties for P73 (ONO14782) strain. Anticancerous effect has been determined by MTT assay established against HepG2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines. Results 46 pigmented isolates were selected from 66 isolates. TLC plates showed a blue color in visible light with R _f = 0.81 for pyocyanin. A P73 (ONO14782 ) strain was used as an experimental strain to study the role of antimicrobial activity of pure pyocyanin, revealing resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus , with Escherichia coli showing intermediate sensitivity. Additionally, pyocyanin demonstrated antifungal efficacy against various yeast and fungi. Furthermore, pyocyanin showed promising anticancer activity against tested cancer cell lines, with strain P73 (ONO14782) displaying activity against HepG2, MCF-7, HCT-116, and A-549 cell lines. Conclusions The objective of this study is extraction and purification of pyocyanin from local clinical isolates and choose high productivity strain of pyocyanin studying characterization properties produced from P73 ONO14782 strain and studying its antimicrobial and anticancerous effect. Pyocyanin showed a very high cytotoxic effect on cancerous cell lines leads to reduction in viability of these cells.