The Climate of the Lithosphere Fundamentals
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Whether climate proxies like ice sheet deposists and bentic foraminifera reflect mean annual or mean seasonal temperatures, is a matter of debate. We introduce a simple climate model quantitatively describing temperature dynamics of the lithosphere on a timescale of millions of years. The model predicts variations in mean annual temperatures between glacial and interglacial periods of 3°C, while variations in mean seasonal temperatures are around 6°C (in winter), 14°C (in summer), 16°C (in spring) and 17°C (in autumn).