A Microfluidic Method for Simultaneous Assessment of Blood Viscosity and Red Blood Cell Aggregation During Continuous Syringe Delivery

Accurate assessment of blood viscosity and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation under continuous flow is important for hemorheological analysis. However, simultaneous measurement remains challenging because both properties are influenced by flow conditions and RBC sedimentation. In this study, a microfluidic method is developed for the simultaneous measurement of blood viscosity and RBC aggregation index (AI) during continuous blood delivery from a driving syringe. The proposed device consists of a viscosity-sensing channel for viscosity measurement and aggregation-sensing channel for AI evaluation. The effects of flow rate, hematocrit, suspension medium, and syringe on-off operation are systematically investigated. Blood viscosity and AI are strongly affected by these factors and transient flow interruption enhances RBC sedimentation in the syringe, thereby altering hemorheological properties. The pro-posed method is further used to thermally shocked RBCs which reduce RBC aggregation and suppress RBC sedimentation when compared with control blood. At higher exposure temperatures and longer exposure times, blood viscosity and AI remain nearly constant over time, indicating minimal contribution of damaged RBCs to RBCs sedimentation. These results demonstrate that the proposed method enables reliable simultaneous evaluation of blood viscosity and RBC aggregation and could be regarded as useful for detecting functional alterations of RBCs under continuous-flow conditions.