Electromagnetic Hydrodynamic Convective Flow of Tetra Hybrid Nanofluid in a Porous Medium

Electromagnetic hydrodynamic (EMHD) mixed convective flow of tetra hybrid nanofluid (TeHNF) in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium in a vertical channel with thermal radiation is considered in the paper. The electric and magnetic fields are homogeneous, magnetic perpendicular to the walls of the channel, and electric perpendicular to the plane formed by the directions of the magnetic field and the basic current. The channel walls are impermeable, they are at constant but different temperatures. The governing partial differential equations (PDE) were, by introducing dimensionless quantities, transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE) which were analytically solved using the homotopy perturbation method. The relations for velocity and temperature distributions, Nusselt numbers and shear stresses on the channel walls were determined. These relations are functions of introduced physical parameters that characterize the observed problem. For TeHNF, where the base fluid is water and the nanoparticles are made of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide and magnetite, a part of the obtained results is given. Velocity and temperature plots are presented in the form of graphs, and Nusselt numbers and shear stresses are presented in the form of tables. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, appropriate conclusions were drawn.Electromagnetic hydrodynamic (EMHD) mixed convective flow of tetra hybrid nanofluid (TeHNF) in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium in a vertical channel with thermal radiation is considered in the paper. The electric and magnetic fields are homogeneous, magnetic perpendicular to the walls of the channel, and electric perpendicular to the plane formed by the directions of the magnetic field and the basic current. The channel walls are impermeable, they are at constant but different temperatures. The governing partial differential equations (PDE) were, by introducing dimensionless quantities, transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE) which were analytically solved using the homotopy perturbation method. The relations for velocity and temperature distributions, Nusselt numbers and shear stresses on the channel walls were determined. These relations are functions of introduced physical parameters that characterize the observed problem. For TeHNF, where the base fluid is water and the nanoparticles are made of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide and magnetite, a part of the obtained results is given. Velocity and temperature plots are presented in the form of graphs, and Nusselt numbers and shear stresses are presented in the form of tables. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, appropriate conclusions were drawn.