On an Alternative Approach to the Anomalous Gyromagnetic Ratio of the Electron and Proton: Toward a Unified and Universal Dirac Equation (I)

Like the electron, the proton is considered to be a stable particle—the meaning of which is that, it does not decay into smaller constituents—as such—much like the electron, it is naturally expected to be accurately described by the Dirac equation. However, its measured g-factor: gp = 2 + 3.5856946893(16), significantly deviates from the expected Dirac prediction of: gD = 2. In this article—which is the first in a ten-part series titled: Toward a Unified and Universal Dirac Equation—we propose that a massive electrically neutral zero-rank scalar coupled Dirac equation could, in principle, explain this deviation (the g-excess) and this requires that the proton have a non-zero radius. The same theory (equation) can be applied to the electron’s non-Dirac g-excess and this requires us to endow the electron with a non-zero radius. That is to say, it is observed that the electron, which is typically regarded as a point particle (i.e., as having a zero radius), exhibits a g-excess: ge − 2 = 0.002319304362(2). According to the ideas presented herein, this non-Dirac g-excess, implies that the electron may actually be a spatially extended particle system.