Life-Threatening Complications and Intensive Care of Diffuse Neonatal Hemangiomatosis of the Liver in a One-Month-Old Girl: A Case Report

Background: Infantile hemangioma (IH) — is a benign lesion that develops as a result of pathologically deregulated proliferation of the endothelial cells of the capillaries appearing within the first three years of life. The disease is found mostly on the skin and less often — in the inner organs. The lesion is characterized by a good prognosis and, sometimes, spontaneous regression. However, some types of IH with a certain form, localization, and size may lead to life-threatening conditions including disorders of the vital functions, which determines precise diagnostics and treatment. Case presentation: The paper presents a clinical observation of a patient of the first months of life who had IH resulting in life-threatening conditions. However, the effective treatment by the non-selective β-adrenoblocker Propranolol led to the positive outcome and the complications disappeared. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the critical importance of a timely diagnostics and treatment of the lesions which are benign but have fatal complications if not treated in due time.