Routine DTP Vaccination Coverage and Herd Immunity Against Pertussis in 2024 Did Not Recover to Pre-COVID Levels Globally and in WHO Regions
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Objectives: The study aimed to analyze diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination coverage and anti-pertussis herd immunity levels globally and in World Health Organization (WHO) regions in 2024, as well as their variation from 2019 to 2024. Methods: Mean percentages of vaccination coverage with three, two, one and zero doses of DTP vaccine in WHO regions in 2024 were calculated using data from the WHO/UNICEF global and regional immunization information system. Results: Global DTP vaccination coverage in 2024 for three, two, one, and zero doses of vaccine were 72.8%, 21.1%, 5.3%, and 0.8%, respectively. Three-dose DTP coverage was below 90% in all WHO regions, with only 12.3% of countries achieving a three-dose coverage of ≥95%. Anti-pertussis herd immunity levels were insufficient in preventing Bordetella pertussis transmission in WHO regions. From 2019 to 2024, three-dose DTP coverage decreased by 5.5%, while zero-dose coverage increased by 14.3%. Conclusion: In 2024, global and regional DTP vaccination coverage and anti-pertussis herd immunity indicators in 2024 did not recover to pre-COVID-19 levels, making it difficult to achieve the Immunization Agenda 2030 objective.