Problematic TikTok Use Affects Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Quality: Sex and Generation Differences

Our aim was to examine the association between problematic TikTok use, anxiety, depression and sleep quality. Additionally, we examined differences between genders and generations. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Greece with a convenience sample. Participants were categorized into three generation groups: Generation Z (born 1997-2012), Millennials (born 1981-1996), and Generation X (born 1965-1980). We used the TikTok Addiction Scale to measure problematic TikTok use. Moreover, we measured anxiety and depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Also, we used the Sleep Quality Scale to measure sleep quality. We constructed multivariable linear regression models to eliminate confounding. We found a positive association between problematic TikTok use, anxiety and depression. We identified a stronger association between problematic TikTok use and anxiety among males and Generation X. Moreover, we found a stronger association between problematic TikTok use and depression among males and Generation Z and Millennials. Multivariable analysis showed a negative association between problematic TikTok use and sleep quality. This association was stronger among males and Millennials. In conclusion, our findings support the association between problematic TikTok use, anxiety, depression and sleep quality. Policy makers, stakeholders and healthcare professionals should develop and implement appropriate interventions to reduce negative consequences of problematic TikTok use.