Capsaicin Improves Lipid Metabolism Disorders Caused by Immune Stress in Weaned Piglets Induced by LPS

Capsaicin (CAP), as an alkaloid in Capsicum plants, has been widely studied for its promotion of metabolism and anti-inflammatory effects. In weaned piglets, LPS-induced immune stress can lead to impaired intestinal barrier function, lipid metabolism disorders and increased inflammatory response. In this study, by adding 800 mg / kg CAP intervention, which was found that could significantly reduce serum triglyceride (TG), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and liver lipid accumulation, and activate PPARα-PGC1α-CPT1α pathway to promote fatty acid oxidation. In addition, CAP achieves beneficial regulation of blood lipid profiles (TC, TG, LDL-C) by down-regulating cholesterol synthesis precursors (such as MVA), reducing pro-inflammatory phospholipids (such as PA-PC), and regulating bile acid metabolism, and breaks the ' lipid metabolism-inflammation ' interaction cycle. CAP also promotes fatty acid β-oxidation and bile acid metabolism by activating TRPV1 channel to alleviate lipid accumulation. Studies have shown that CAP has potential application value in improving lipid metabolism, intestinal health and immune function of weaned piglets. However, its long-term safety and effects at different doses need to be further verified.