Enhanced Cognitive Function in the Latino Population: The Familism and Lifestyle

Background/Objectives: Latinos are approximately 1.5 times more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) than non-Hispanic populations, with contributing factors including genetics, lifestyle, and cultural values such as familism. Favorable lifestyle behaviors and strong familism have been linked to reduced disease risk. This study examined the relationships among familism, APOE gene, and lifestyle with to cogni-tive function in a Latino population. Methods: Latino participants aged 45–96 years from the Rio Grande Valley (RGV), Texas, were recruited. Data on demographics, medical and family history, lifestyle, cognitive function, and familism were collected. Multivariable regression models were applied to evaluate associations among these variables. Results: A high prevalence of cognitive impairment was observed in this population. Familism—Factor 4—was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (p = 0.038). The APOE ε4 allele was significantly associated with AD. Both AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were associated with lower physical activity, older age, and lower educational attainment. Conclusions: This study highlights the elevated prevalence of AD and MCI in the RGV Latino population and, for the first time, identifies familism as a factor associated with cognitive function. Findings emphasize the need for culturally informed strategies to reduce cognitive health disparities in this underserved community.