Magnesium-Based Membrane for Alveolar Ridge Regeneration-A Scoping Review

Magnesium-based membranes are promising biomaterials for guided bone regeneration due to their unique properties of mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and controlled biodegradation. This scoping review aims to map and synthesize the available clinical, preclinical, and in vitro evidence on the use of magnesium membranes and fixation screws in alveolar bone augmentation. A PubMed search was conducted in November 2025 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Me-ta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Twenty-five studies met the in-clusion criteria, including clinical case reports and series, preclinical in vivo experi-ments, in vitro studies, and narrative or systematic reviews. Across the included stud-ies, magnesium membranes demonstrated favorable handling, reliable space mainte-nance, and predictable resorption, maintaining barrier function during early healing while slowly degrading into biologically active Mg²⁺ ions. Clinically, magnesium membranes supported successful bone regeneration in horizontal and vertical ridge augmentation, immediate dentoalveolar regeneration, sinus lift procedures, cystic le-sion management, and intrabony periodontal defects. Preclinical evidence confirmed their osteogenic stimulation, biocompatible tissue response, and enhanced bone for-mation compared with conventional materials. Complications were generally minor and self-limiting; even in cases of membrane exposure, regenerated bone volume was preserved. In vitro research demonstrated their concentration-dependent enhancement of osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial effects associated with magnesium deg-radation. Overall, the current evidence supports magnesium membranes as a promising class of resorbable barrier materials offering mechanical stability, bioactivity, and fa-vorable clinical performance. However, most available studies are small case series or pre-clinical investigations, underscoring the need for larger, controlled clinical trials to establish long-term outcomes and standardized protocols. The review’s findings could help researchers advance the understanding of bone regeneration and help develop new strategies to improve bone regeneration.