A Hybrid Hash–Encryption Scheme for Secure Transmission and Verification of Marine Scientific Research Data

Marine scientific research missions often face challenges such as heterogeneous multi-source data, unstable links, and high packet loss rates. Traditional approaches decouple integrity verification from encryption, rely on full-packet processing, and depend on synchronous sessions, making them inefficient and insecure under fragmented and out-of-order transmissions. The HMR+EMR mechanism proposed in this study integrates “block-level verification” with “hybrid encryption collaboration” into a unified workflow: HMR employs entropy-aware adaptive partitioning and chain-based indexing to enable incremental verification and breakpoint recovery, while EMR decouples key distribution from parallelized encryption, allowing encryption and verification to proceed concurrently under unstable links and reducing redundant retransmissions or session blocking. Experimental results show that the scheme not only reduces hashing latency by 45%–55% but also maintains a 94.1% successful transmission rate under 20% packet loss, demonstrating strong adaptability in high-loss, asynchronous, and heterogeneous network environments. Overall, HMR+EMR provides a transferable design concept for addressing integrity and security issues in marine data transmission, achieving a practical balance between performance and robustness.