Cancers with Demonstrated Therapeutic Effect by Harnessing the Innate Immune System are Unique Models for Immunotherapy of other Cancers

BCG still has a place in the treatment of non-invasive bladder cancer but with the debut of other new tools to manipulate the immune system, specifically immune checkpoint inhi-bition (ICI), its stature has been diminished, and we need to understand the role of the InImS in these and other cancers. Briefly, using the p87 antibody and the FERAD ratio (blood ferritin:fecal p87), we compared expression of these biomarkers with survival and against other established prognostic biomarkers such as the absolute neutrophil: absolute lymphocyte ratio (NLR). We used our patient database selected for patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) to relate the biomarkers to similar cancers such as ovarian cancer which may also respond to InImS manipulation. The NLR and FERAD ratio bi-omarkers were useful for prognosis offer potential to act as future guide to therapy and assess efficacy, and render interventions more cost-effective. We conclude that InImS markers may be useful in prediction leading to successful management of therapy.