Perception and Acceptance of HPV Vaccination Among Women Treated for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: An Evidence-Based Narrative Review

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), including types 16-18, is the established cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive carcinoma of the cervix. While preventive vaccination is highly effective in preventing infection from becoming re-constituted following treatment of existing disease, its use among cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)-positive females has remained sporadic. The following review provides an update on the current state of evidence about the acceptance, awareness, or perception of HPV vaccination by women following a diagnosis or treatment of CIN.Methods:A narrative synthesis of literature from the publication period of 2010 to 2025 was done on both PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar. Surveys that quantified literature on post-CIN vaccination attitudes, risk perceptions, or behavioural factors were consid-ered.Results:Acceptance levels varied from 20–95% across all continents. The highest acceptance levels (≥80%) among the populations belong to the European and Oceanian groups, followed by moderate acceptance among the North Americans (60–80%), which was influenced by financial costs, misconceptions, and sociocultural stigmas. The lowest levels (20–70%) of awareness of HPV diseases and vaccination programs among Asians and Africans can be attributed to obstacles that include misconceptions about fertility concerns. The key determinant of acceptance levels was physician endorsement, lack of knowledge of the association of HPV-CIN, or the belief that there is no need for vaccination after treatment.Conclusion:The acceptance of HPV vaccination among women following CIN is influenced by educational level, the structure of the healthcare system, and so-ciocultural factors. Incorporating evidence-based cervical vaccination counselling into follow-up care after biopsy could help increase its acceptance and prevent recurrent high-grade lesions. Keywords: Human papillomavirus (HPV); Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); HPV vaccination; Adjuvant immunization; Vaccine acceptance; Patient perception; Secondary prevention; Gynecologic oncology; Behavioral determinants; Physician recommendation.