Study of the Conversion Kinetics of the High-Viscosity Oil Components During Ultrasonic Treatment in the Presence of Zeolite

The study investigates the kinetics of redistribution of oils, resins, and asphaltenes in high-viscosity oil from the Karazhanbas field during ultrasonic treatment (22 kHz, 50 W) in the presence of a zeolite catalyst (1.0% by mass). The parameters of the technological process - temperature range from 30 to 70°C, exposure time from 3 to 11 min - were established, which lead to an increase in oil content (by 14.8%), and a decrease in the concentration of resins (by 12.2%) and asphaltenes (by 2.6%). An increase in the conversion rate between oil components is observed until the 7th minute of treatment. Group analysis of light and medium oil fractions showed an increase in the content of paraffinic, naphthenic, benzene and olefinic hydrocarbons while reducing the proportion of naphthalenes and heteroatom compounds. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of ultrasonic-catalytic treatment for the structural destruction of high-viscosity oil and the formation of lighter hydrocarbon fractions.