V2X Simulation Framework for Intelligent Transportation Systems

This paper presents the development and evaluation of a simulation framework simV2X, designed to model the interaction between vehicles, roadside infrastructure, and network components within Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The study focuses on the integration of fog and edge computing paradigms in V2X communication architectures to improve reliability, scalability, and responsiveness in urban environments. The modular architecture of simV2X, implemented in Python using FastAPI and OpenLayers, supports step-by-step simulation, data visualization, and real-time event logging via an SQLite database. Key performance indicators such as SNR, BER, PER, PDR are computed to evaluate communication quality under different propagation conditions. A specific simulation scenario examines the efficiency of a mobile fog node (mRSU) acting as a relay between an OBU and a stationary RSU. The results show that under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, direct OBU–RSU communication experiences rapid signal degradation, while the use of a mobile relay significantly extends the coverage area and maintains stable connectivity. The conducted experiments confirm that mobile fog nodes can enhance network reliability in dense urban environments, provided that line-of-sight connections are preserved. The proposed simV2X framework enables reproducible simulation of V2X communication and can serve as a foundation for developing adaptive algorithms for relay selection and predictive mobility management in cooperative, connected, and automated mobility (CCAM) systems.