Ultra-Weak Photon Emission: From Oxidative Metabolism to DNA -Based Communication Towards the New Quantum Biology?
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Background: Ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) from living systems has been reported and linked to oxidative reactions. Whether photons mediate communication—particularly at the level of DNA—remains unresolved. Objective: To review biochemical and quantum-biological bases of UPE, summarize measurement approaches, and evaluate whether DNA-related emission could support signalling; we also present pilot data on embryo UPE. Methods: We synthesise literature on sources (reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, protein/DNA oxidation) and detectors (photomultiplier tubes, cooled CCD cameras, Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor CMOS). We measured UPE from mouse embryos in a dark incubator using an ORCA-Quest CMOS system. Results: UPE is modulated by cellular state; mitochondria, membranes and peroxisomes are key contributors. Models posit DNA as a storage/emitter and potential resonator. In embryos, degenerated two-cell–stage embryos exhibited lower UPE than well-developed embryos. These findings motivate a Photon Emission Embryo Control System (PEECS) for non-invasive assessment. Conclusions: Ultra-weak cellular photon emission—especially the proposed DNA-linked mechanisms—remains a challenging yet promising field. Evidence does not convincingly show DNA acts as a biophotonic communication system, but the hypotheses suggest new ways to view biological information processing and cellular funcion.