AI Enhanced Circular Economy and Sustainability in the Indian Electric Two-Wheeler Industry: A Review

Drastically cutting carbon footprints to reduce global warming is a universal norm at present, in keeping with the United Nation’s Convention on Climate Change 2015. Fit-ting in appropriately with this theme is the global proliferation of Electric Vehicles (EVs), gradually replacing the Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) automobiles. India (Niti Aayog) has also given a determined call for ‘only EV’ on road by 2030. Electric two-wheelers (E2Ws) with 80% market share will lead this transition in this country. To meet sustainability and environmental norms, this needs not only appropriate pro-duction standards but also sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) in the Indi-an E2W (IE2W) industry integrating environmental, economic and social issues. There is also a need to ensure that the battery supply chain (one of the grey areas of the in-dustry with regard to environmental concerns) follows circularity and sustainability principles. With AI having come into play in industry and manufacturing, it would obviously influence circular economy (CE) and sustainability concerns in the IE2W space too. This review aims at analysing how the IE2W industry can hugely benefit from AI in enhancing its contribution to the circular economy and sustainability. The IE2W market is still in its infancy, thereby underscoring the importance of this paper in highlighting strengths and opportunities even as we look at the challenges ahead. This will impact how the Indian EV industry, in general, exploits AI, thereby enhanc-ing value for industries, governments, the public and the environment.