Location Characteristics of Temples and Shrines in Terms of Small Watersheds and Topography in Namerigawa River, Kamakura City, Japan

This study analyzes the locational characteristics of temples and shrines within the Namerigawa river basin in Kamakura, focusing on the characteristic landform known as "Yatsu valley". While previous studies on Kamakura have examined historical and tourism-related aspects, few have investigated the spatial relationship between religious sites and geography. Using GIS-based national land numerical data and field surveys, this research classified 56 temples and shrines by environmental type, historical period, and religious sect. Results indicate that a significant number were built in Yatsu valley, especially during the Kamakura period. Many Yatsu valley names reflect historical temple associations, even if the original structures no longer exist. Furthermore, temporal patterns show shifts in dominant sects, such as the Jodo-Shu and Nichiren-Shu after 1260. Spatial analysis reveals a concentration of temples near specific watershed and water networks, particularly where water access is optimal. This study contributes a geo-graphical perspective to the field of historical and religious site research in Kamakura and underscores the need for comparative studies in other watersheds to deepen under-standing of temple and shrine distribution across the region.