Impact of Plasma Surface Treatment on Implant Stability and Early Osseointegration: A Retrospective Cohort Study

(1) Introduction: The clinical success of dental implants relies on rapid osseointegration, which can be impaired by hydrocarbon contamination and biological aging of titanium surfaces. Chairside plasma surface treatment has emerged as a practical method to restore superhydrophilicity and enhance early bone-implant integration; (2) Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 73 plasma-treated implants placed in 47 patients from June 2023 to October 2024. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma was applied immediately before placement using the ACTILINK™ Reborn system. Implant stability was assess3d weekly for 8 weeks using resonance frequency analysis (ISQ). Subgroup analyses were conducted according to initial ISQ, jaw location, implant length/diameter, and final insertion torque; (3) Results: All implants achieved uneventful healing without a stability dip. Mean ISQ increased from 78.97 ± 5.52 at placement to 83.74 ± 4.36 at week 8 (p < 0.001). Implants with lower initial stability (ISQi 65–74) exhibited the greatest ISQ gain (ΔISQ = 9.64, OSI = 6.43), whereas implants with ISQi ≥85 showed minimal change. Mandibular and shorter implants demonstrated higher stability gains compared to maxillary and longer fixtures; (4) Conclusions: Chairside plasma activation effectively enhances early implant stability by promoting rapid osseointegration and preventing a stability dip.