Plastic Waste Management Practices in Zanzibar's Coastal Tourist Communities

Plastic is an industrial innovation with many applications. However, its widespread production, use, and inadequate disposal practices, present a complex challenge, with escalating ecological and health impacts. This study investigated plastic waste management practices in the rural coastal communities of Kendwa, Nungwi, Paje, and Michamvi, located near tourist hotels in the Northern and Southern districts of Zanzibar, Tanzania. Structured-interviews, observation-checklists, and participatory-workshops were used to assess the types of plastic waste generated, and community engagement in disposal practices. The study found that the main types of plastic-waste generated and disposed of, included single-use polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) packaging, such as beverage bottles and other disposable items sourced from hotels. Nungwi and Kendwa stood out for their proactive approach, supported by a professional waste management company and a structured, NGO-led awareness programs that prioritizes sustainable practices. In contrast, Paje and Michamvi struggle with the waste management challenges linked to increased waste load from tourist activities. Despite the proactive efforts in Nungwi and Kendwa, ongoing littering persists, due to inadequate enforcement, limited infrastructure, and inconsistent community compliance. The study proposes initiation of waste bank programs and complementary strategies to enhance the programs financial sustainability. empower communities, and advance sustainable waste management.